The Congress was established in 1885 with the objective of voicing Indian concerns under British rule. Over time, it transformed into the principal organization leading India’s struggle for independence under leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Sardar Patel. After independence in 1947, Congress became the ruling party and shaped the country's early policies and institutions.

From laying the foundation of the Planning Commission to launching major infrastructure projects, Congress under leaders like Nehru and Indira Gandhi played a vital role in nation-building.

The Indian National Congress believes in democratic socialism, secularism, and inclusive governance. Over the decades, it has been guided by visionary leaders who have left a strong impact on India’s political and economic direction:

• Jawaharlal Nehru – India's first Prime Minister; promoted industrialization, democracy, and non-alignment.

• Indira Gandhi – Known for her bold decisions like the 1971 war and nationalization of banks.

• Rajiv Gandhi – Introduced early IT and telecom reforms; promoted modernization.

• Sonia Gandhi – Led the party during a period of revival and UPA rule.

• Mallikarjun Kharge – Current party president and senior Parliamentarian.

• Rahul Gandhi & Priyanka Gandhi Vadra – Represent the younger generation of Congress leadership.

Congress aims to build a just and equal society through democratic means. Key focus areas include:

• Social welfare schemes like MNREGA, RTI, Food Security Act.

• Economic inclusion and rural development.

• Youth employment, women's empowerment, and education.

• Protecting constitutional values and secularism.

• Strengthening federalism and ensuring state autonomy.

During the UPA era (2004–2014), Congress-led governments implemented several rights-based reforms aimed at improving quality of life for marginalized sections.

While its national footprint has reduced in recent years, the Congress continues to be a major political force in many states. It currently governs or has strong influence in:

• Chhattisgarh – Full majority.

• Karnataka – Currently in power.

• Himachal Pradesh – Formed the government in 2022.

• Telangana – Strong comeback in 2023.

• Rajasthan & Madhya Pradesh – Strong traditional base.

• Kerala & Punjab – Alternates with regional parties.

• Uttarakhand, Haryana, Maharashtra – Maintains a significant vote base.

The party also has representation in Parliament and actively participates in national-level alliances and opposition politics.